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Littoral Nations of the Indian Ocean

Coastal states across the IOR, anchoring maritime trade, safeguarding sea lanes,
and shaping strategic security through cooperation and connectivity.

Region Overview

Number of Littoral

India’s strategic maritime reach across six distinct salients, each connecting to critical littoral regions and choke points.
Rectangle 70

North Arabian Sea

Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman to India’s West Coast.
Rectangle 70 1

Bay of Bengal

India’s East Coast, Bay of Bengal Eastern Rim, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Malacca Strait.
Rectangle 70 2

Central Arabian Sea

Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, East Coast of Africa to India’s West Coast.
Rectangle 70 3

South-West Indian Ocean

Cape of Good Hope, IOR island states (Mauritius, Seychelles, Maldives), East Coast of Africa to India.
Rectangle 70 4

South-East Indian Ocean

India to South-East Indian Ocean, including Indonesia and Australia.

Rectangle 70 5

Indo-Pacific

Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean, through Indo-Pacific straits and South/East China & Philippines Seas.